This application note explains how the use of multiple connections can reduce or remove impedance measurement errors caused by series impedance in the connections or shunt impedance across the unknown.

This note answers questions and clarifies confusion that might exist in the definition of ESR in capacitors.

This application note describes how to compute the actual voltage and current.

A fun little test to learn more about LCR.

This primer defines and explains the measurement of the impedance parameters known as LCR – L (inductance), C (capacitance), and R (resistance). Impedance parameters are characteristic of an AC circuit; this primer describes the impedance measurements that are typically used, including their equations. Also described are the connections to the device under test, and how to use test instruments to precisely measure impedance. In addition, primer describes the testing of individual passive components for inductance, capacitance, and resistance.

At a minimum there are two production tests which all heater manufacturers perform in addition to ensuring the heater is operating properly. One test performed is a DC resistance test; the other test is a dielectric withstand test, more commonly known as a Hipot test. In many cases two pieces of test equipment are used to accomplish these two measurements. The Wound Component EST Scanner Model 19035 has combined these measurements into one instrument. This provides the advantage of performing both tests with a single connection to the heater or Device Under Test (DUT).